Orthorexia is an eating disorder that has been receiving more attention in recent years. It’s characterized by an obsession with eating and an extreme focus on avoiding certain foods that the individual perceives as unhealthy. This fixation on eating only pure and healthy food can lead to a range of physical and mental health issues.

The term “ nervosa” was first coined by Dr. Steven Bratman in 1997. Bratman had been a practitioner of alternative medicine and vegetarianism but realized that his focus on eating healthy had become extreme and led to negative effects on his health and well-being.

Orthorexia nervosa is not yet officially recognized as a distinct eating disorder in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) but is considered a type of disordered eating. It’s categorized as an eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) or as a subtype of anorexia nervosa.

People with orthorexia nervosa become fixated on eating only “pure” foods that they deem healthy or safe to consume. They may restrict their diet to only organic or non-GMO foods, avoid certain food groups like gluten, dairy, or sugar, or limit their food intake to only raw or unprocessed foods.

This strict diet regimen is often accompanied by rigid, fearful, and anxious thoughts regarding food and eating. Individuals with orthorexia nervosa may become socially isolated or experience difficulties going out to eat or attending meals with others due to their extreme eating habits.

Symptoms of orthorexia nervosa may include:

– Preoccupation with food quality and purity
– Obsessively researching and reading about healthy food options
– Difficulty eating anything that doesn’t fit into their rigid dietary rules
– Anxiety, guilt, or discomfort when consuming foods that are deemed impure or unhealthy
– Unintentional weight loss or unhealthy weight management practices
– Social isolation due to dietary restrictions
– Interference with daily functioning or responsibilities due to preoccupation with food

Orthorexia nervosa can lead to serious physical and mental health complications. A diet restricted to only a few types of food can result in nutrient deficiencies. The fear of consuming certain food groups can lead to the development of new food sensitivities or intolerances. In some cases, it may even worsen existing health issues.

Mentally, orthorexia nervosa can lead to obsessive and compulsive behaviors around food and eating, increase anxiety and stress levels, and worsen depressive symptoms. People with orthorexia nervosa may also experience feelings of guilt, shame, and self-blame when they cannot or do not comply with their extreme dietary rules.

Treatment for orthorexia nervosa involves psychotherapy and nutritional counseling. The goal of therapy is to help individuals develop a healthier relationship with food and break down their rigid rules around diet and eating. Nutritional counseling can help individuals learn how to have a balanced and nutritious diet that contains all the necessary food groups and necessary nutrients.

In conclusion, orthorexia nervosa is a fixation on eating only “pure” and “healthy” foods that can lead to physical and mental health issues. Early intervention is important to prevent the progression of this disorder and its negative impact on one’s overall well-being. If you suspect that you or someone you know may be struggling with orthorexia nervosa, it’s essential to seek professional help from a qualified therapist or dietitian.

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