Diverticulitis is a condition that occurs when small pouches called diverticula develop in the walls of the colon, becoming inflamed or infected. It can cause various symptoms and complications that can range from mild to severe. Understanding the signs and possible complications of diverticulitis is crucial for proper diagnosis and management.

Common symptoms of diverticulitis

1. Abdominal pain: The most common symptom of diverticulitis is persistent pain, typically located in the lower left side of the abdomen. The pain can be constant or intermittent and may vary in intensity.

2. Fever and chills: When diverticulitis becomes infected, it can cause a low-grade fever and chills. These systemic symptoms are indicative of an inflammatory response in the body.

3. Changes in bowel habits: Diverticulitis can lead to alterations in bowel movements, such as diarrhea or constipation. Some individuals may experience both, alternating between loose stools and difficulty passing stool.

4. Nausea and vomiting: In more severe cases of diverticulitis, individuals may experience nausea and vomiting. These symptoms can occur as a result of bowel obstruction or inflammation.

5. Abdominal tenderness: The affected area of the colon may be tender to touch, and pressure on the abdomen can exacerbate the pain.

Possible complications of diverticulitis

1. Abscess formation: When an infection within a diverticulum spreads, it can lead to the formation of an abscess. This can cause severe pain, fever, and require drainage or surgical intervention.

2. Perforation: In some cases, the inflamed diverticula can rupture or create holes in the colon wall. This can result in peritonitis, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.

3. Fistula development: Severe cases of diverticulitis can lead to the formation of abnormal connections between the colon and other organs, such as the bladder or small intestine. These passages, called fistulas, can cause infections and require surgical repair.

4. Bowel obstruction: Inflammation and scarring from recurrent episodes of diverticulitis can narrow the colon, leading to partial or complete blockage of the bowel. This results in symptoms like abdominal distension, constipation, and severe pain.

If you experience persistent abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, and other symptoms mentioned above, it is important to consult your healthcare provider promptly. They can perform a physical examination, order diagnostic tests, and provide appropriate treatment for diverticulitis. Early intervention can help prevent complications and manage the condition effectively.

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