What are the causes of external hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen veins in the rectal and anal area. While internal hemorrhoids occur inside the rectum, external hemorrhoids develop under the skin around the anus. They can cause discomfort, pain, itching, and bleeding. Understanding the causes of external hemorrhoids can help individuals take preventive measures and seek appropriate treatment.

One of the primary causes of external hemorrhoids is increased pressure in the rectal and anal area. This pressure can be attributed to various factors. Chronic constipation, for instance, leads to straining during bowel movements. The excessive pressure applied to the rectal veins can cause them to swell and form external hemorrhoids. Similarly, frequent diarrhea can exacerbate the condition as it causes irritation in the rectal area.

Obesity is also a common cause of external hemorrhoids. Excess weight puts pressure on the abdomen and pelvic region, thus straining the veins in this area. Moreover, individuals who lead a sedentary lifestyle or engage in prolonged sitting or standing are at a higher risk of developing external hemorrhoids. Lack of physical activity and prolonged pressure on the veins can lead to the formation of hemorrhoids.

Pregnancy is another significant cause of external hemorrhoids. During pregnancy, the growing uterus puts increased pressure on the veins in the pelvic area. Additionally, hormonal changes during pregnancy can weaken the veins, making them more susceptible to swelling and inflammation. Constipation, a common symptom during pregnancy, further exacerbates the issue by causing straining during bowel movements.

A poor diet lacking in fiber is yet another cause of external hemorrhoids. Fiber is essential for maintaining regular bowel movements and preventing constipation. When individuals consume a diet low in fiber, they are more likely to experience constipation, which, as mentioned earlier, can lead to external hemorrhoids. Including sufficient amounts of fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes can help prevent the development of hemorrhoids.

Heavy lifting or intense physical activities can also cause external hemorrhoids by applying excessive pressure to the rectal area. The strain of lifting heavy objects or participating in rigorous exercise can result in the swelling of the veins and the formation of hemorrhoids. Individuals involved in jobs or activities that require repeated heavy lifting should be cautious to prevent this condition.

Lastly, age and genetics can also play a role in the development of external hemorrhoids. As individuals age, their veins tend to become weaker and less elastic, making them more prone to swelling and inflammation. Additionally, those with a family history of hemorrhoids have a higher likelihood of developing the condition themselves. While these factors cannot be controlled, individuals can still take preventive measures to mitigate the risk.

In conclusion, external hemorrhoids occur due to various causes, all of which involve increased pressure on the veins in the rectal and anal area. Chronic constipation, frequent diarrhea, obesity, pregnancy, a poor diet lacking fiber, heavy lifting, intense physical activities, age, and genetics all contribute to the development of external hemorrhoids. By maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a high-fiber diet, regular exercise, and proper hygiene, individuals can reduce the risk of developing hemorrhoids and seek timely treatment if needed.