Every month, women experience a variety of physical and emotional changes as their bodies prepare for menstruation. These changes are primarily driven by hormonal fluctuations, with certain hormones increasing in concentration to regulate the menstrual cycle. In this article, we will explore the hormones that increase before the menstrual cycle and their impact on a woman’s body.

1. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

FSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle. Its primary function is to stimulate the growth and development of follicles in the ovaries, which contain the eggs. As the menstrual cycle begins, FSH levels rise, signaling the ovaries to start preparing an egg for release during ovulation.

2. Estrogen

Estrogen is a group of hormones that includes estradiol, estrone, and estriol. These hormones are primarily produced by the ovaries and play a vital role in regulating the menstrual cycle. Before the menstrual cycle, estrogen levels increase, causing the uterine lining to thicken in preparation for potential pregnancy. Estrogen also helps promote the growth of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus.

3. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

LH is another hormone produced by the pituitary gland that helps regulate the menstrual cycle. Just before ovulation, LH levels surge, triggering the release of a mature egg from the ovary. This process, known as ovulation, typically occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle.

4. Progesterone

Progesterone is a hormone produced by the ovaries, specifically after ovulation. As the name suggests, progesterone prepares the uterus for pregnancy. If fertilization occurs, progesterone levels rise to support implantation and maintain the uterine lining. However, if pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels drop, leading to the shedding of the uterine lining and the onset of menstruation.

The menstrual cycle is a complex interplay of hormones that regulate a woman’s reproductive system. Understanding the hormonal changes that occur before menstruation can provide insights into the various physical and emotional changes experienced during this time. By knowing which hormones increase before the menstrual cycle, women can gain a better understanding of their bodies and potentially identify any irregularities or health concerns. If you notice significant deviations or have any concerns about your hormonal balance, it is always advisable to consult with your healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation.

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