Our blood type is determined by the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells. While there are eight main blood types, each with their own unique characteristics, some types are rarer than others. In this article, we will explore the question of the rarest blood type and shed light on the least common blood group.

What are the main blood types?

The main blood types are A, B, AB, and O. Each blood type is further classified as either Rh-positive or Rh-negative, referring to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen. Therefore, the eight main blood types are A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, and O-.

Which blood type is the least common?

Out of the eight main blood types, AB- is considered the rarest blood type. It is estimated that only about 1% of the population has AB- blood.

What makes AB- blood type rare?

AB- blood type is rare because it is the result of inheriting two rare genes: one A gene and one B gene, both lacking the Rh antigen. In addition to requiring both A and B antigens to be present, AB- individuals can only receive blood from donors who also have the AB- blood type. This limited compatibility further contributes to its rarity.

Who can receive AB- blood?

Individuals with AB- blood type are considered universal recipients for plasma components. However, when it comes to whole blood or red blood cell transfusions, AB- individuals can only receive blood from other AB- donors. Despite being rare, AB- blood type carries the advantage of being able to receive blood from all blood types in terms of plasma components.

Which blood types are more common?

The most common blood type globally is O+, followed closely by A+. These blood types are more prevalent because they have fewer antigen requirements for compatibility. O+ blood type is often called the “universal donor” as it can be safely transfused to individuals of any positive blood type.

While all blood types are important and fulfill specific needs, some are undoubtedly rarer than others. AB- blood type stands as the least common blood group, with only a small percentage of the population possessing this type. Understanding the scarcity and characteristics of different blood types can help ensure proper transfusions and efficient blood donation programs, ultimately saving more lives.

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