The fortress of Sant’Angelo, located in the heart of Rome, is a remarkable structure that carries a rich history within its walls. This iconic landmark attracts millions of visitors each year, who are captivated not only by its impressive exterior but also by the treasures held within.

Originally known as the Mausoleum of Hadrian, the structure was commissioned by Emperor Hadrian in the 2nd century AD as a mausoleum for himself and his family. However, following his death, the mausoleum was converted into a fortress and renamed Sant’Angelo, in honor of a legend that claimed the Archangel Michael appeared atop the building, sheathing his sword to signify the end of a devastating plague in the 6th century.

The exterior of Sant’Angelo showcases its grandeur and imposing nature. The cylindrical structure stands tall, surrounded by thick walls and crowned with a bronze statue of the Archangel Michael. As visitors approach the fortress, they are greeted by a bridge known as the Ponte Sant’Angelo, adorned with ten angel statues that were added during the 17th century. Each angel holds a symbol of the Passion of Christ, depicting the scourge, the crown of thorns, the nails, and the cross, among others.

As visitors cross the bridge and enter the fortress, they are transported back in time to the days when it served as a military stronghold. Inside, a series of rooms and corridors offer a glimpse into the past. The Passetto di Borgo, a secret passage connecting Sant’Angelo to the Vatican, is one of the highlights. This narrow escape route was famously used by Pope Clement VII during the Sack of Rome in 1527 when he sought refuge in the safety of Sant’Angelo.

The interior of Sant’Angelo also houses a captivating museum, where artifacts and artworks from different periods are displayed. Among the notable pieces is the statue of Emperor Hadrian, which was found inside the mausoleum during extensive renovations. This majestic statue depicts the emperor in military attire and serves as a reminder of the grandeur and power he sought to immortalize through the construction of the mausoleum.

Another intriguing feature of the fortress is the prison cells that were once used to hold prisoners, including famous figures like Benvenuto Cellini and Giordano Bruno. These dark and cramped cells offer a gloomy contrast to the opulence of the rest of the fortress, reminding visitors of its history as a place of both power and suffering.

From the top of Sant’Angelo, visitors are rewarded with breathtaking panoramic views of Rome. The expansive terrace offers a unique vantage point to admire the city’s stunning landmarks, such as St. Peter’s Basilica and the Vatican City. The view serves as a reminder of the fortress’s strategic location, providing its occupants with a commanding position over the eternal city.

In conclusion, the fortress of Sant’Angelo is not only an architectural masterpiece but also a treasure trove of history and culture. Its exterior impresses with its grandeur, while the interior takes visitors on a journey through time. From its origins as a mausoleum to its transformation into a fortress, Sant’Angelo encapsulates the rich and tumultuous history of Rome. Whether it is the awe-inspiring exterior, the secret passage, or the captivating museum, there is so much to discover within the mighty walls of Sant’Angelo.

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