Sternum Pain: Causes and Treatments

The sternum, commonly referred to as the breastbone, is a flat bone located in the middle of the chest. It connects the ribs, and its purpose is to protect vital organs such as the heart and lungs. However, like any other part of the body, the sternum is susceptible to pain and discomfort. In this article, we will explore the causes and treatments for sternum pain.

There are numerous possible causes of sternum pain, ranging from minor injuries to underlying medical conditions. One common cause is musculoskeletal strain, which occurs when the muscles and ligaments in the chest area become stretched or torn. This can result from activities such as heavy lifting, intense exercise, or even coughing.

Another potential cause of sternum pain is costochondritis, an inflammation of the cartilage that connects the ribs to the breastbone. It is often characterized by sharp, stabbing pain that worsens with movement or deep breaths. Costochondritis can be caused by trauma, repetitive movements, or certain medical conditions such as arthritis.

In some cases, sternum pain may be indicative of a more serious condition, such as a heart problem. Heart-related causes of sternum pain include angina, a condition caused by reduced blood flow to the heart, or a heart attack, which occurs when the blood supply to the heart is blocked. These conditions usually present with symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, and pain radiating down the left arm. If you experience these symptoms, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention.

Treatment for sternum pain depends on the underlying cause. For musculoskeletal strain, rest and avoiding activities that exacerbate the pain are often sufficient. Applying ice packs or using over-the-counter pain medications can also help alleviate the discomfort.

In the case of costochondritis, treatment focuses on pain relief and reducing inflammation. This can be achieved through the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen. Applying heat or cold packs to the affected area may also provide relief. In severe cases, a doctor may recommend corticosteroid injections or physical therapy.

For sternum pain related to heart conditions, the treatment will depend on the specific diagnosis. If angina is the cause, medications might be prescribed to improve blood flow to the heart. Lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, adopting a healthy diet, and engaging in regular exercise, may also be recommended. In the case of a heart attack, immediate medical intervention, such as the administration of clot-busting medications or surgical procedures, is necessary.

In conclusion, sternum pain can be caused by various factors, ranging from minor injuries to more serious medical conditions. It is essential to determine the underlying cause to receive appropriate treatment. Musculoskeletal strain and costochondritis can often be managed with rest and over-the-counter pain medications, while heart-related causes may require more intensive medical intervention. If you experience sternum pain that is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.