Pterygium

Have you ever heard of Pterygium? It is an eye disease that causes a growth of tissue on the white part of the eye, also known as the conjunctiva. The condition typically occurs in individuals who spend a lot of time outdoors and are exposed to UV radiation, wind and dust.

Pterygium is a non-cancerous growth that is often harmless to the eye, but it can potentially grow to the point where it can cause vision problems. Although it is more commonly found in people aged 20 to 40 years old, it may occur at any age, and it is more prevalent in males than in females.

Causes of Pterygium

Pterygium is primarily caused by exposure to UV radiation from the sun, which can cause a mutation in the cells of the conjunctiva. Additionally, individuals who have prolonged exposure to dust, wind or other irritants that can inflame the eye may also develop Pterygium. Genetic or hereditary factors can also play a role, and studies show that it is more common in people who have a family history of the condition.

Symptoms of Pterygium

At the onset of Pterygium, most people may not experience any symptoms until the growth becomes noticeable. Symptoms of Pterygium include:

– A sensation of a foreign object in the eye (like a grain of sand)
– Redness of the eye
– Itchy or irritated eyes
– Dry eyes
– Blurred vision
– Distortion of the cornea.

Treatment Options for Pterygium

When the symptoms and size of the condition become troublesome to an individual, treatment may be necessary. Treatment options will depend on the severity of the condition, and the eye doctor will recommend the most suitable course of action, but the most common treatment options include:

1. Eye Drops: Medications such as eye lubricants or anti-inflammatory eye drops can alleviate the symptoms, including eye redness, itchiness or dryness.

2. Surgery: If the pterygium significantly interferes with vision or causes discomfort, surgery may be necessary. The goal of surgery is to remove the growth completely and to prevent it from returning. Fortunately, the surgery for Pterygium is relatively straightforward, and it is an outpatient procedure that typically only requires a local anaesthetic.

3. Medications: In some cases, the eye doctor may prescribe topical medication or corticosteroid injections.

Preventative Measures

Individuals who spend a lot of time outdoors and are exposed to sunlight, wind and dust must take precautions to prevent Pterygium. This can be done by:

– Wearing protective eyewear or sunglasses that block UV rays when exposed to sunlight
– Using lubricating eye drops to prevent dryness
– Avoiding exposure to dust or irritating agents. If you cannot avoid such exposure, you should wear goggles or protective eyewear.

Conclusion

Pterygium is a common eye condition that is often harmless, but as it grows, it can cause vision impairment or discomfort. The good news is that the treatment options for Pterygium are generally effective, regardless of the severity of the condition. If you notice any symptoms of Pterygium, you should seek an appointment with an eye doctor to receive professional advice on how to treat it. Above all, it is best to take preventative measures to avoid exposure to harmful environmental factors that may cause Pterygium to develop. Remember to take care of your eyes to ensure that they remain healthy and functional throughout your life.