Nummular dermatitis, also known as discoid dermatitis or nummular eczema, is a type of eczema that typically manifests as coin-shaped or oval lesions on the skin. While it can affect people of all ages, it is most common in men over the age of 60.

The cause of nummular dermatitis is not entirely clear, but it is thought to be linked to the skin’s barrier function. In healthy skin, the outermost layer acts as a protective barrier that prevents moisture loss and keeps foreign substances out. However, in people with nummular dermatitis, this barrier function is compromised, allowing irritants and allergens to penetrate and trigger an immune response.

Common triggers of nummular dermatitis include:

– Dry skin: Dry skin can result from overexposure to heat or cold, frequent washing, or the use of harsh soaps and detergents.

– Allergens: Common allergens that can trigger nummular dermatitis include dyes, fragrances, and metals such as nickel.

– Stress: Stress can suppress the immune system and make skin more susceptible to irritation.

– Infections: In rare cases, nummular dermatitis can be triggered by a bacterial or fungal infection.

The symptoms of nummular dermatitis can vary from person to person, but typically include:

– Itchy, coin-shaped or oval patches of skin that may be red, scaly, or crusty

– Stinging or burning sensation on affected skin

– Dry, cracked, or flaky skin

– Blisters or oozing that may develop after itching

Diagnosis of nummular dermatitis is typically made through a physical examination and review of symptoms. If necessary, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment for nummular dermatitis typically involves:

– Moisturizing: Applying a non-irritating, fragrance-free moisturizer frequently throughout the day can help improve skin hydration and reduce itchiness.

– Topical steroids: In more severe cases, a topical steroid cream or ointment may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and itchiness.

– Antihistamines: Oral antihistamines may be prescribed to relieve itching and improve sleep.

– Avoiding triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers that can exacerbate nummular dermatitis is an important part of managing symptoms. This may include using mild soaps and detergents, avoiding known allergens, and taking steps to reduce stress levels.

In addition, phototherapy, or light therapy, may be recommended in severe cases. This involves exposing the affected skin to specific wavelengths of light to reduce inflammation and improve healing.

While nummular dermatitis can be uncomfortable and unsightly, it is not contagious and typically responds well to treatment. If you are experiencing symptoms of nummular dermatitis, it is important to talk to your doctor to develop a treatment plan that is right for you. By taking steps to manage symptoms and avoid triggers, you can effectively manage this condition and improve your quality of life.

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