Motion (parliamentary procedure) refers to the process of bringing a proposed course of action to a formal meeting or assembly for discussion, debate and decision-making. It is a fundamental principle of parliamentary procedure and plays a crucial role in ensuring that meetings and decision-making processes are fair, efficient and democratic.

The term “motion” refers to a proposal put forward by a member of the assembly or meeting, seeking support from other members for a particular action or decision. The first step in proposing a motion is to obtain the floor, which means gaining recognition from the presiding officer of the assembly to speak. When a member has the floor, they may propose a motion and state their reasons for doing so. They may also seek to amend or modify the motion, withdraw it, or move to refer it to a committee for further review and analysis.

The motion itself takes one of several forms, depending on the specific type of action that is being proposed. For example, a main motion is used to put forward a new course of action, while a subsidiary motion is designed to either supplement or amend an existing motion. In some cases, a privileged motion may be put forward to address issues that may arise during a meeting, such as a call for a recess or an adjournment.

Once a motion has been proposed, it must be seconded by another member of the assembly in order to be considered by the group as a whole. After a motion has been seconded, it is then open for discussion and debate. During this phase, members may speak for or against the motion, ask questions, express concerns, or offer amendments.

Once discussion has concluded, the motion can be put to a vote. If a majority of members present vote in favor of the motion, it is considered passed and becomes the formal decision of the meeting or assembly. If the motion fails to receive a majority of votes, it is considered defeated and cannot be brought up for consideration again during the current meeting or assembly.

While the motion process is designed to facilitate decision-making in meetings and assemblies, it is important to note that not all motions are considered equal. In general, main motions, which propose a new course of action, are considered the most important and require the most attention and scrutiny from members. Subsidiary and privileged motions, on the other hand, are designed to support or supplement main motions, and are considered secondary to the main decision-making process.

The motion process is a crucial part of parliamentary procedure, as it ensures that all members of a meeting or assembly have an opportunity to propose, discuss and vote on decisions. It also ensures that decisions are made in an open, fair and democratic manner, allowing for a range of perspectives to be heard and considered. By following the proper procedures for making and voting on motions, meetings and assemblies can function smoothly and effectively, and decisions can be made with confidence and transparency.

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