Fencing is a sport that involves two competitors who use swords to score points by either hitting or touching their opponent without being hit themselves. It has its origins in dueling, but the sport of fencing today is more about athleticism, strategy, and quick thinking than about sword fighting. If you are new to fencing, it can be overwhelming to sort through all the jargon and terminology. Below are some fundamental terms of fencing that will help you get started.

En garde: En garde is a term used to signal the start of a fencing match. It is also the position that fencers assume before the start of the match. The en garde position is the basic stance that fencers use to remain in a balanced position and be ready to strike or defend.

Advance: An advance is when a fencer moves toward their opponent by lifting their front foot and moving it forward. Advance movements are typically used to close the distance between fencers and put them in striking range of each other.

Retreat: A retreat is the opposite of an advance. When a fencer moves backward by lifting their back foot and stepping back, they are retreating. Retreat movements are used to create distance between fencers and avoid getting hit.

Lunge: A lunge is a forward movement made by extending the front leg while keeping the back leg straight. This movement is used to attack an opponent quickly and also helps fencers to reach beyond their usual striking distance.

Parry: A parry is a defensive movement in which a fencer uses their sword to deflect their opponent’s attack. There are four primary parries in fencing: high, low, inside, and outside. Fencers must be quick and agile to successfully execute a parry.

Riposte: A riposte is a counterattack made by a fencer immediately after successfully parrying their opponent. When a fencer successfully deflects their opponent’s attack, they are in an advantageous position to strike back quickly with a riposte.

Fleche: A fleche is a running attack in which a fencer charges toward their opponent with their sword extended. The fleche is a high-risk maneuver that can be effective against an unprepared opponent, but it leaves the fencer exposed and vulnerable to a counterattack.

Phrasing: Phrasing is a strategy in fencing that involves using a combination of movements and attacks to score points. A fencer might start with an advance, followed by a lunge, and then a quick retreat to avoid a counterattack. Successful phrasing requires good timing, coordination, and anticipation.

Piste: A piste is the playing area for a fencing match. It is usually a rectangular strip of ground that measures 14 meters long and 2 meters wide. The piste has two parts, the on-guard line, and the rear limit line.

Touch: A touch is a point awarded to a fencer for hitting their opponent with a scoring area on their sword. Touches are awarded based on the rules of the competition and can vary depending on the type of match being played.

In conclusion, understanding the fundamental terms of fencing is a crucial step towards becoming a successful fencer. It is essential to have a good grasp of these terms to follow the match and effectively communicate with other fencers and coaches. With practice and patience, you can learn to master the techniques and strategies required to excel in the sport of fencing.

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