A ganglion cyst is a non-cancerous, fluid-filled lump that typically develops on the hand or wrist. It can also occur on the foot or ankle. While they are usually harmless, they can be painful and affect a person’s range of motion. Here’s what you need to know about these cysts.

Causes of Ganglion Cysts

The exact cause of ganglion cysts is not clear, but doctors believe that they develop from the tissue that surrounds tendons and joints. They tend to form in areas that experience repetitive stress or overuse. People who perform activities that involve a lot of repetitive motion, such as tennis, sewing or typing, are at higher risk for developing a ganglion cyst.

Symptoms of Ganglion Cysts

Ganglion cysts often appear as small, round, or oval lumps. They are usually firm, but they can be soft or spongy. The cysts may cause pain, numbness, or a tingling sensation in the affected area. In some cases, the cysts may cause limited range of motion, stiffness, or weakness in the affected hand or wrist. The cysts can also be unsightly, especially if they are located on the back of the hand or on a finger.

Diagnosis of Ganglion Cysts

In most cases, a doctor can diagnose a ganglion cyst simply by examining the affected area. If the cyst is large or causing significant pain or discomfort, the doctor may recommend additional tests, such as an X-ray or MRI, to rule out other conditions.

Treatment of Ganglion Cysts

In many cases, ganglion cysts will resolve on their own without any treatment. However, if the cyst is causing pain, discomfort, or affecting a person’s range of motion, treatment may be necessary. The treatment options for ganglion cysts include:

1. Splinting – The use of a splint or brace to immobilize the affected area can help reduce pain and inflammation.

2. Aspiration – This involves draining the fluid from the cyst using a needle and syringe. After the fluid is removed, the cyst may be injected with a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation and prevent recurrence.

3. Surgery – In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the cyst. This is typically done as an outpatient procedure and is usually very effective.

Prevention of Ganglion Cysts

There is no guaranteed way to prevent ganglion cysts from forming, but there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk. These include:

1. Avoiding repetitive stress or overuse of the affected area.

2. Taking regular breaks if you perform activities that involve repetitive motion.

3. Using proper technique and form when performing activities that stress the wrist or hand.

4. Wearing supportive gloves or wrist braces if you engage in activities that require repetitive motion.

In conclusion, a ganglion cyst is a non-cancerous, fluid-filled lump that typically develops on the hand or wrist. They are usually harmless, but can cause pain, discomfort, or affect a person’s range of motion. If you are concerned that you have a ganglion cyst, consult with your doctor to determine the best course of treatment.

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