Dry eyes and myopia: COVID-19 is the cause

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the lives of people across the globe in numerous ways. From wearing masks and practicing social distancing to working from home and adapting to online learning, individuals have faced numerous challenges. One such challenge that has emerged during this time is the association between dry eyes and myopia – with COVID-19 being implicated as the cause.

Dry eyes and myopia, or nearsightedness, are two separate conditions that affect the eyes, but recent studies have shown that they may be interconnected. Dry eye syndrome occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears or when the quality of tears is poor, leading to discomfort, redness, and blurred vision. On the other hand, myopia is a refractive error that causes distant objects to appear blurry, while close objects remain clear.

The link between these two conditions and COVID-19 has been attributed to several factors. Firstly, the increased screen time and excessive use of electronic devices during lockdown measures have caused a surge in dry eye symptoms. As people work, study, and entertain themselves online for longer periods, they blink less frequently, leading to inadequate lubrication of the eyes. Additionally, the blue light emitted by screens can contribute to ocular surface damage, exacerbating dry eye symptoms.

Moreover, the pandemic-induced lifestyle changes, such as limited outdoor activities, reduced exposure to daylight, and increased indoor lighting, have contributed to the development and progression of myopia. Studies have shown that spending time outdoors, especially in natural light, can help prevent myopia in children and slow its progression. The restrictions imposed to control the spread of COVID-19 have deprived individuals, especially children, of this crucial outdoor time, leading to an increased risk of myopia development.

Furthermore, COVID-19 itself has been implicated as a cause of dry eyes and myopia. Research indicates that the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 can enter the conjunctival tissue, the membrane that covers the white part of the eye. This viral invasion can lead to inflammation, dryness, and irritation of the eyes. Moreover, cytokine storms, an excessive release of immune system proteins, have been observed in severe COVID-19 cases, which can cause ocular complications. These viral-related eye issues have been identified as potential risk factors for the development or worsening of myopia.

As the world navigates the ongoing pandemic, it is crucial to prioritize eye health and take preventive measures. To alleviate dry eye symptoms, individuals should consciously blink more often and take regular breaks from electronic device usage. Employing the 20-20-20 rule – looking at an object 20 feet away for 20 seconds every 20 minutes – can help reduce eye strain. Additionally, using lubricating eye drops and considering the use of blue-light-blocking glasses can provide relief.

To combat myopia, it is essential to create a balance between screen time and outdoor activities. Encouraging children, in particular, to spend time outdoors can be beneficial for their eye health. Moreover, regular eye examinations are crucial in both identifying and managing myopia. Early intervention, such as prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses, can help correct vision impairment and slow down the progression of myopia.

While the exact mechanisms linking dry eyes, myopia, and COVID-19 are still being investigated, it is evident that the pandemic has had a significant impact on ocular health. By implementing preventive measures and seeking early treatment, individuals can mitigate the effects of these conditions and promote overall eye health during these challenging times. Remember, regular eye care is essential, now more than ever.