Common Symptoms of Pyloric Stenosis

Pyloric stenosis, also known as infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS), is a condition that affects infants in their first few weeks of life. It occurs when the pylorus, a muscular valve that connects the stomach to the small intestine, becomes thickened and obstructs the passage of food. This condition primarily affects newborn males and is relatively rare, occurring in about 2 to 4 out of every 1,000 births. Recognizing the common symptoms of pyloric stenosis is crucial for early detection and prompt medical intervention.

One of the most prominent symptoms of pyloric stenosis is persistent vomiting. Infants with this condition typically vomit forcefully and projectile-like within 30 minutes of feeding. The vomit may contain undigested milk or formula and might be accompanied by a visibly hungry and irritable infant. These vomiting episodes can be quite forceful, resulting in the infant losing weight and becoming dehydrated.

Another common symptom is a visibly swollen or bloated abdomen. Due to the obstruction in the pylorus, food cannot pass properly from the stomach to the small intestine. Consequently, the stomach becomes distended, leading to a swollen appearance in the infant’s abdomen. This swelling might be more pronounced after feeding, as the stomach tries to empty itself despite the obstruction.

Affected infants may also experience frequent and small bowel movements. The inability of food to pass through the narrow pylorus causes frequent contractions of the stomach muscles, resulting in increased bowel movements. These bowel movements are often watery and might have a characteristic foul odor.

Some infants with pyloric stenosis may display signs of hunger, even immediately after feeding. They might continue to cry and show signs of irritability, despite receiving adequate amounts of milk or formula. Due to the obstruction in the pylorus, the infant’s stomach is not able to empty properly, leading to a feeling of constant hunger.

Weight loss is another symptom commonly associated with pyloric stenosis. The frequent vomiting and inadequate intake of nutrients due to the obstruction result in rapid weight loss. Parents and caregivers might notice that the infant’s clothes and diapers are becoming loose-fitting, indicating a significant decline in weight.

If left untreated, pyloric stenosis can cause severe consequences such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and malnutrition. Therefore, it is imperative to seek medical attention if any of these symptoms are observed. A healthcare professional will perform a physical examination and may order diagnostic tests such as an abdominal ultrasound or an upper gastrointestinal series to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for pyloric stenosis usually involves a surgical procedure called pyloromyotomy. In this procedure, a small incision is made in the thickened pylorus muscle to widen the passage for food. This surgery is highly successful and provides immediate relief for the infant.

In conclusion, recognizing the common symptoms of pyloric stenosis is vital for early detection and appropriate medical intervention. Persistent vomiting, swollen abdomen, frequent bowel movements, signs of hunger, and weight loss are typical signs of this condition. If you notice any of these symptoms in your infant, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and timely treatment. Remember, early intervention can greatly reduce the risks associated with pyloric stenosis and ensure the well-being of your little one.