Because we don't say horse in Sardinia

Sardinia, the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, is a place full of history, tradition, and unique customs. One of the intriguing aspects of the local culture is the absence of a regular word for “horse” in the Sardinian language. This absence is not due to a lack of horses on the island but rather stems from a fascinating linguistic quirk that showcases the richness of Sardinian dialects.

The Sardinian language, known as Sardu, is a Romance language that has been influenced by various other languages throughout the centuries, including Latin, Catalan, and even Arabic. Despite the strong influence of Latin, the Sardinian dialects have retained their own distinctiveness, leading to remarkable variations across the island.

Unlike in other Romance languages, where the word for “horse” is consistent (e.g., “caballo” in Spanish and “cavallo” in Italian), in Sardinia, numerous dialects lack a direct word for this majestic animal. Instead, Sardinian speakers often use metaphors or alternative expressions to refer to horses.

One of the most common ways to indicate a horse in Sardinian is by using the term “ittiri,” which literally means “that thing which pulls.” This expression does not exclusively refer to a horse but can also encompass other animals or even objects used for transportation. This linguistic practice reveals the Sardinians’ resourcefulness in describing horses indirectly, relying on a visual association rather than a direct word.

Interestingly, various Sardinian dialects have developed their own unique ways to refer to horses metaphorically. For instance, in the Gallurese dialect, commonly spoken in the northern part of the island, horses are called “ispilia,” meaning “mirrors.” The idea behind this metaphor is that horses are said to mirror their riders’ character and behavior, emphasizing the strong bond between a horse and its rider.

Similarly, in some Nuragic dialects, horses are referred to as “coitus,” which translates to “action” or “movement.” This term reflects the dynamic nature of horses and their ability to carry out various tasks effortlessly, highlighting their significance in traditional livelihoods such as agriculture or herding.

The historical and cultural significance of horses in Sardinia further amplifies the intrigue surrounding the absence of a direct word. Horses have played a vital role in the island’s development, serving as reliable companions for agricultural work, transportation over rough terrains, and even in ancient warfare. The strong bond between Sardinians and their horses has been celebrated through various festivals, such as the historic “Sartiglia” in Oristano, where riders showcase their equestrian skills in a thrilling jousting tournament.

Despite the absence of a regular word for “horse” in Sardinian, this linguistic peculiarity doesn’t hinder communication or understanding among the islanders. It acts as a testament to the resilience and adaptability of the Sardinian people, who have found creative ways to express themselves within the framework of their unique dialects.

The absence of a direct term for “horse” in Sardinian dialects serves as a reminder of the linguistic richness and diversity found within the island’s culture. As one explores the island’s linguistic landscape, it becomes clear that these variations are not limitations but rather sources of fascination, allowing for a deeper understanding of the intricate tapestry that is Sardinian culture.

In conclusion, the fascinating absence of a direct word for “horse” in Sardinian dialects reveals the linguistic creativity and ingenuity of the island’s inhabitants. Through metaphors and alternative expressions, Sardinians have woven a rich tapestry of language that reflects their deep connection to horses and their remarkable cultural heritage. So, if you ever find yourself in Sardinia and engage in a conversation about horses, don’t be surprised if the words used to describe these magnificent creatures are as diverse and captivating as the island itself.