Agamemnon: Why Choose Chryseis Rather than Clytemnestra

In Homer’s epic poem, The Iliad, Agamemnon, the leader of the Greek forces, faces a difficult decision when he must choose between his wife, Clytemnestra, and his war prize, Chryseis. Agamemnon’s choice to keep Chryseis rather than Clytemnestra has sparked controversy and debate among scholars and readers alike. This article aims to delve into the reasons behind Agamemnon’s decision and shed light on the complexities of his character.

First and foremost, it is essential to understand the context in which Agamemnon makes his choice. The Greeks have been at war with the Trojans for years, and the conflict shows no signs of resolution. Agamemnon, as the leader of the Greek forces, is under immense pressure to secure victory for his people. Chryseis, the daughter of a Trojan priest, becomes his war prize after he sacks her city. Keeping Chryseis with him provides Agamemnon with a symbol of triumph over his enemies, giving him a sense of power and dominance.

Additionally, Agamemnon’s decision may stem from his personal desires and ambitions. Clytemnestra, his wife, has remained at home while he fights the Trojan War. Agamemnon may feel neglected and unappreciated by Clytemnestra, leading him to seek solace in the arms of another woman. Chryseis, young and beautiful, represents a breath of fresh air for Agamemnon, a chance to escape the burdens of war and marital complications. By choosing Chryseis, he vocalizes his desire for personal gratification rather than fulfilling his responsibilities as a husband.

Furthermore, Agamemnon’s decision may be influenced by his perception of power dynamics. Clytemnestra is his wife and the queen of Mycenae, but Chryseis holds no position of power. By choosing Chryseis over Clytemnestra, Agamemnon asserts his dominance and control. It is an act of rebellion against the societal norms and expectations that dictate his relationship with Clytemnestra. Agamemnon’s choice highlights his willingness to challenge traditional power structures and assert his own authority.

Moreover, Agamemnon’s decision can be seen as an act of self-preservation. Clytemnestra, in later events of the poem, displays signs of rebellion and vengeance, culminating in her eventual murder of Agamemnon upon his return from the war. It is possible that Agamemnon foresaw her capability for violence and decided to distance himself from her. Keeping Chryseis and leaving Clytemnestra vulnerable may be seen as a strategic move to protect himself from potential harm.

However, it is important to note that Agamemnon’s choice is not without consequences. His decision ultimately leads to a chain of events that bring about his downfall. Chryseis’s father, the Trojan priest Chryses, pleads with the gods for revenge, prompting them to unleash a devastating plague upon the Greek forces. Agamemnon is forced to give up Chryseis, which ignites his anger and triggers a conflict between him and Achilles, resulting in the deaths of many Greek warriors.

In conclusion, Agamemnon’s decision to choose Chryseis over Clytemnestra in The Iliad can be attributed to a combination of factors. These include his desire for power and personal gratification, rebellion against societal norms, and a perceived need for self-preservation. However, it is crucial to recognize that Agamemnon’s choice has severe consequences and ultimately leads to his downfall. The complexities of Agamemnon’s character and his decision-making process emphasize the challenges and moral dilemmas faced by individuals in positions of power.